Geochemical Analysis of Flouride in Ground water using GIS

  Prof. Shankargouda B Patil,  Maheshwari G Bisanal

Water is essential natural resource for sustaining life and environment which we have always thought to be available in abundance and free gift of nature. However, chemical composition of surface or sub surface, is one of the prime factors on which the suitability of the water for domestic, industrial or agriculture purpose depends. Fluoride is a chemical element that has shown beneficial effects on teeth at low concentrations, it can also be quite detrimental at higher concentrations. High concentrations of fluoride (up to 6.2 mg/L) are recognized features of the study area. The basement rocks like granitic gneiss, schist, shale and sandstone provide abundant source of fluoride in the form of silicates, biotite, hornblende and glaucaphase. A correlation study of water quality parameters with Fluoride content is performed on groundwater samples from Gadag and Bagalkot district. The study suggests that the water samples with higher F − concentration generally have relatively higher pH value, implying that alkaline environment favours the replacement exchangeable F − in fluoride rich minerals by OH − in groundwater. The positive correlation of TDS implying that dissolved solids gives more opportunity for fluoride to be present and most of the metal fluoride are soluble. Since nitrate is an oxidizing agent it increases the solubility of fluoride in groundwater. Hardness of water is mainly due to calcium salts in water. As the hardness increases, formation of calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ) which is an insoluble salt increases.. Thus the origin of the fluoride is mostly from weathered gneiss, schist shale and sand stone. In this study arcGIS approach to develop maps based on the groundwater quality has been found to be very useful. GIS data base also helps in decision making process by identifying the most sensitive zones that need immediate attention.

Keywords- Ground water, Fluoride, Ion exchange process, GIS.

Unique Identification Number - IJEDR2002090
Page Number(s) - 534-540
Pubished in - Volume 8 | Issue 2 | June 2020
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) -   
Publisher - IJEDR (ISSN - 2321-9939)

  Prof. Shankargouda B Patil,  Maheshwari G Bisanal,   "Geochemical Analysis of Flouride in Ground water using GIS", International Journal of Engineering Development and Research (IJEDR), ISSN:2321-9939, Volume.8, Issue 2, pp.534-540, June 2020, Available at :http://www.ijedr.org/papers/IJEDR2002090.pdf